Final examination & D3: one day, two proofs
420-302-VA · WEEK 13 · FALL 2026

Week 13 · Monday, November 30, 2026 · Room D-221

One day, two proofs.

Today asks for the two kinds of proof an engineer owes: on paper, that you understand the system you built, and on the bench, that your method survives a squeezed week. The final examination comes first; D3's rung, chosen tiny on purpose back in the studio, comes after. Neither is a surprise. The exam covers a course whose every page you still have, and the rung was sized for exactly this day. This hub is the review: the whole system told as one story, every equation on one page, the post-midterm misconception clinic, and the craft of the day itself.

Final examination · 15 % D3 due · one tiny, real rung · 5 %
The Week 13 path: one system one story, the equations, the review circuit, the examination, D3's rung, and the hand-in 1One story 2Equations 3Review circuit 4The exam 5D3's rung 6Hand-in Week 14: D4 build week

What happens today

The class from 14:30 to 17:30 as one bar in three blocks. First, the final examination, the larger part, on paper, phones away. Then a short reset, dashed boundaries because exact timing is announced with the paper. Then D3: each pair demonstrates its one rung, cause, travel, name, and hands in the evidence. A note says exam duration and rules per the course outline and the in-class announcement. 14:3017:30 Final examination Reset D3 demonstrations on paper · phones away · 15 % breathe one rung each: cause, travel, name · 5 % Block boundaries are dashed on purpose: exact exam duration and rules come with the paper, per the outline and the in-class announcement. The order is the design: the convergent work first, while minds are freshest, then the bench.
The half-width day, as planned since Week 11. Nothing about this split is news: the rung was sized for the second block in the Week 12 studio, and the exam has been on the calendar since the outline. Today executes.

In the course outline

Two grades land today. The final examination (15 %): coverage, format and rules per the Fall 2026 course outline on Omnivox and the announcement that comes with the paper; this hub's review follows the course's own arc and claims nothing the outline does not. Deliverable D3 (5 %), per the brief: the skeleton plus exactly one thickness, old rungs still green behind it. The milestones page carries D3's three faces; this hub's D3 page carries the day's craft.

What this hub reviews

The course already has a review hub: Week 7 rebuilt Weeks 1 to 6 for the midterm, and its misconception clinic and master library have not expired; foundations questions still live there. This hub does for the arc since the midterm what Week 7 did before it: Weeks 8 to 12, the ESP32 and analog sensing, MQTT, control, Flask and the dashboard, and the build-week method. The two hubs together cover the course; the review page turns them into a circuit you can run in the days you have.

What you will be able to do by the end of the week

  • Narrate the whole system from photon to pixel, naming what happens at every hop and the number that governs it.
  • State, apply and defend each of the semester's equations, from the LED current to the PID law to ⌈log₂ n⌉.
  • Catch yourself holding any of the post-midterm misconceptions, because you have met each one stated plainly.
  • Work a paper exam with the Week 7 craft: whole paper first, points-to-minutes budget, attempts everywhere.
  • Switch modes after the paper and land D3's rung: demonstrated, tagged, old rungs green behind it.

Twelve terms the exam leans on

Not new vocabulary: the twelve the arc since the midterm leans hardest on, each linked to its home. If any definition does not come instantly, that link is tonight's first stop.

TermIn one lineHome
quantizationA 12-bit ADC maps a continuous voltage onto 4096 discrete levels; resolution is the step between themW8
duty cycleThe fraction of each PWM period spent high; what "brightness" means to a pin that only knows on and offW8
publish / subscribeSenders and receivers meet only at named topics on a broker, decoupled in space and timeW9
retained messageThe one message per topic the broker hands to late subscribers; the last, not the historyW9
QoSDelivery promise per message: 0 at most once, 1 at least once (duplicates possible), 2 exactly once, at rising costW9
last willThe message the broker publishes for a client that vanishes without a goodbye; how status topics stay honestW9
setpoint / PV / errorWant, have, and the difference the controller works to close: e = SP − PVW10
steady-state errorThe error P-only control settles at; shrinks with gain, dies only by integral actionW10
anti-windupStopping the integral from accumulating while the actuator is saturated, so recovery is not paid for laterW10
bind addressWhich interfaces a server listens on: 127.0.0.1 is loopback-only, 0.0.0.0 is every interfaceW11
walking skeletonThe thinnest end-to-end slice through every component, built first to flush the interface risksW12
half-splittingProbe the middle, discard half the suspects, repeat: ⌈log₂ n⌉ probes to one faulty segmentW12

Where this fits in the course

Week 12 · Nov 23

Project studio: the system comes together

The studio where D2's skeleton walked and this week's rung was deliberately sized small.

Week 13 · Nov 30 · this hub

Final examination & D3

The review for the post-midterm arc, the exam, and the rung after: two proofs, one afternoon.

Week 14 · Dec 7

D4 build week: the table turns green

15 %, the project's biggest single grade: the build week where the ranked rungs land and the verification table fills with green.

Working at home

The week before this class splits two ways, and the split was decided in the studio: exam review in short, spaced sessions (the review page gives the circuit and the reasons it beats one long night), and D3's rung landed early in the week, so the days before the exam owe the project nothing. One warning the data supports: the night before serves consolidation, not acquisition. Run the clinic and one practice circuit, verify the rung one last time end to end, pack the Week 7 exam kit, and stop.